绿茶抗大鼠肾间质纤维化作用的实验研究

采用"单肾切除加腺嘌呤灌胃法"建立大鼠慢性肾衰竭模型。治疗组予绿茶液灌胃治疗,对照组予尿毒清溶液灌胃治疗,连续治疗28天。取大鼠肾脏石蜡切片分别进行HE染色、PASM染色、Masson染色、Sirius Red染色、Mallory染色,光镜下观察大鼠肾组织5种染色的病理形态学改变,PASM染色、Masson染色、Sirius Red染色随机选择进行肾脏组织病理学图像分析。绿茶组在肾间质纤维化面积、肾小球系膜积分光密度值、肾间质中I、Ⅲ型胶原分布面积等方面的作用与模型组对比,P<0.05。说明绿茶能够减轻腺嘌呤对大鼠肾间质的病理损害,绿茶有抗肾间质纤维化的作用,并且能抑制I、Ⅲ型胶原纤维的增生,这可能是绿茶防治肾间质纤维化、延缓慢性肾衰竭发展进程的机制之一。     

当归·黄芪及当归补血汤中元素形态分析

[目的]分析当归、黄芪及当归补血汤中的元素形态。[方法]采取中药常用煎煮方法对当归、黄芪及当归补血汤中Ca、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn、Sr和Zn7种元素进行提取;用0.45μm滤膜分离煎液中的可溶态和不溶态;利用XAD-2大孔树脂将可溶态中元素分为有机态和无机态;采用ICP-AES法对各种形态中的7种元素进行测定。[结果]结果表明:当归、黄芪、当归补血汤药材及煎液中Ca、Fe、Mg、Zn的含量较高,7种金属元素的煎出率在8.77%~76.49%,煎液中各元素主要以可溶态形式存在,而在可溶态中又主要以无机态形式存在,当归、黄芪配伍共煎后对各元素形态变化并无规律性整体增加或减少。[结论]为进一步分析中药中金属元素的存在形态,深入探讨金属元素在中药药材、药效方面的作用机制提供了一定的理论基础。     

脾虚证模型家兔神经内分泌机能的变化及四君子汤对其调整作用

给家兔胃管投服苦寒中药大黄水煎液,复制出家兔脾虚证动物模型,研究了脾虚证模型家兔神经内分泌机能的变化和健脾益气四 君子汤对其的调 整作用。结果表 明,脾 虚证模型家兔血 浆胃泌素、ｃ Ａ Ｍ Ｐ 和ｃ Ａ Ｍ Ｐ／ｃ Ｇ Ｍ Ｐ 较试验前和对照组明显下降 （ Ｐ ＜ ００５ 或 Ｐ ＜ ００１）, 血浆胰高血糖素和血清胆碱酯酶活性较对照组和试验前极显著升高 （ Ｐ ＜ ００１）。以上各指标在经四君子汤治疗后均恢复至试验前和对照组水平,与模型期比较变化明显 （ Ｐ ＜ ００５ 或 Ｐ ＜ ００１）。由此说明,脾虚证时神经内分泌机能发生了改变,表现为交感神经机能降低和副交感神经机能相对亢进,以及胃肠道激素如胃泌素和胰高血糖素的分泌发生变化,四君子汤对其有良好的调整作用或拮抗作用。     

Effects of Xiaoyaosan on imiquimod induced psoriatic lesions and depression neurotransmitters in mouse model

AIM: To observe the effect of Xiaoyaosan decoction on the psoriatic lesions and depression neurotransmitters induced by imiquimod in mice. METHODS: BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, methotrexate group and Xiaoyaosan high, medium and low dose groups, 6 mice in each group. Imiquimod (IMQ, 5%) was used on the back of the animals to induce psoriasis-like lesions in the mice. The psoriasis area and seve-rity index (PASI) were evaluated for daily scoring. The sugar water preference experiment was conducted to explore the behavioral differences in the mice. The morphological changes and epidermal thickness of the lesions were observed under light microscopy. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of CD3 on T lymphocyte surface. The expression of Ki67 in the skin lesions was detected by immunofluorescence. The contents of monoamine neurotransmitters such as adrenaline (AD), gamma-aminobutylic acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), dopamine (DA) and their metabolites in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of mice were detected by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). RESULTS: Compared with model group, the back skin lesions of Xiaoyaosan each dose group and methotrexate group were significantly improved, and the PASI score and epidermal thickness were both lower than those in model group (P<0.05). The expression levels of Ki67 and CD3⁺ T cells in Xiaoyaosan group and methotrexate group were lower than those in model group (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the body mass change range of Xiaoyaosan high-dose group and blank control group was significantly smaller than that in model group (P<0.05). The sugar water preference rate in blank control group was significantly higher than that in model group (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the sugar water preference rate in methotrexate and Xiaoyaosan groups showed a certain increase trend, but no statistical diffe-rence was observed. Compared model group, the levels of 3, 4-Dihydroxypheny-lacetic acid (DOPAC), AD, GLU and GABA levels in the mouse hippocampus in blank control group were decreased significantly (P<0.01), while the levels of DA and homovanillic acid (HVA) had no significant difference (P>0.05). No significant difference of DA, DOPAC, HVA and GLU levels in the mouse hypothalamus was observed between blank control group and model group (P>0.05), while the content of AD and GABA in the mouse hypothalamus in blank control group was lower than that in model group. The AD content of the hypothalamus in high-dose Xiaoyaosan group was significantly higher than that in model group (P<0.01), and the HVA content of the hypothalamus in low-dose Xiaoyaosan group was significantly higher than that in model group (P<0.01). PASI score was negatively correlated with the content of DOPAC, AD, GLU and GABA in the hippocampus and the content of AD, GLU and GABA in the hypothalamus, those were, the more severe the back skin lesion was, the lower the expression of depression-related neurotransmitters were, indicating the aggravation of depression in the mice. CONCLUSION: Xiaoyaosan improves the skin lesions induced by imiquimod in the mice with psoriasis, improves the behavior of depression in the mice with psoriasis, and up-regulates the expression of depression-related monoamine neurotransmitters. The expression of depression-related neurotransmitters is negatively correlated with the skin lesions induced by imiqumod in the mice with psoriasis. The degree of depression is increased with the aggravation of psoriatic lesions.     

Effects of Maxing-Shigan decoction on airway remodeling and expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung tissues of asthmatic mice

AIM:To investigate the effects of Maxing-Shigan decoction on airway remodeling and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the lung tissues of asthmatic mice, and to explore its possible mechanism in treatment of asthma. METHODS:The BALB/c mice were divided into blank control group, model group, low-dose Maxing-Shigan decoction group, middle-dose Maxing-Shigan decoction group, high-dose Maxing-Shigan decoction group and positive control group. The mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin to establish asthma model. The mice in blank control group and model group were given saline by oral administration before 30 min of suscitation. The mice in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose Maxing-Shigan decoction groups were given Maxing-Shigan decoction at 5.0 g/kg, 10.0 g/kg and 20.0 g/kg, respectively, by oral administration before 30 min of suscitation. The mice in positive control group was given dexamethasone at 0.005 g/kg by oral administration before 30 min of suscitation. After consecutive administration for 7 d, the variations of airway responsiveness, the percentage of the goblet cells, the collagen deposition, and the eosinophil (EOS) counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of each group were observed. The protein levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the lung tissues were determined by ELISA and Western blot. The mRNA expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was detected by RT-qPCR. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group, the airway responsiveness, the goblet cell percentage, the collagen deposition, the EOS counts in BALF, the protein levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1, and the mRNA expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were significantly increased in model group (P<0.01). Compared with model group, all of the indexes were reversed in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose Maxing-Shigan decoction groups and positive control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION:Maxing-Shigan decoction improves airway remodeling in asthma model mice by down-regulating the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1.     

中药理气导滞汤对绵羊瓣胃和子宫电活动的影响

中药理气导滞汤,对绵羊瓣胃和子宫电活动产生明显的增强作用。能诱导瓣胃电活动期的时程延长,或使瓣胃电活动出现40min 以上的持续状态.可引起瓣胃和子宫峰电振幅增大,以及子宫慢波峰电簇的频率加快。     

Combined effect of octreotide and Dachaihu decoction on treatment of severe acute pancreatitis

AIM: To investigate the combined effect of octreotide and Dachaihu decoction on the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP). METHODS: Wistar rats(n=50) were randomly divided into sham group, SAP group, octreotide group, Dachaihu decoction group and combination group. The quantity of ascites was measured. The levels of amylase, alanine aminotransferase and creatinine in the serum were examined. The morphological changes of the pancreatic tissues were observed by HE staining. The activation of NF-κB and IκBα expression were determined by Western blot. The mRNA expression with ICAM-1 and IL-1 was detected by qPCR.RESULTS: Combined treatment with octreotide and Dachaihu decoction effectively reduced the quantity of ascites and the levels of amylase, alanine aminotransferase and creatinine in the serum in SAP rats. Moreover, combined treatment significantly inhibited SAP-induced activation of NF-κB and decrease in IκBα protein expression, accompanied by a decrease in ICAM-1 and IL-1 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION: Combination of octreotide with Dachaihu decoction effectively attenuates SAP by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway and ICAM-1 and IL-1 expression.     

加减四君子汤对商品肉鸡免疫功能的研究

选用420只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分成7个处理组,每组设3个重复,每个重复20只。试验鸡在新城疫La Sota系冻干苗免疫时分别应用加减四君子汤和四君子汤煎剂按0．25％、0．5％、0．75％3个添加量兑水自由饮用,连用4d。并于14日龄、28日龄、42日龄分别在鸡翅静脉采血,进行白细胞、淋巴细胞计数,α-醋酸萘酯酶染色（ANAE）和β-微量血凝抑制试验（ND-HI）检测各项免疫指标。结果表明：加减四君子汤以0．25％或四君子汤以0．5％浓度混饮,在14日龄、28日龄、42日龄均可极显著提高鸡的淋巴细胞数和血液中HI抗体水平（P〈0．01）;显著提高白细胞数和T淋巴细胞阳性率（P〈0．05）。且用药剂量加减四君子汤可以减半应用。证明中药古方加减应用能有效提高鸡的特异性免疫和非特异性免疫水平。     

Yunpiheluo decoction alleviates diabetic kidney injury by regulating Sirt1/AMPK signaling pathway and activating autophagy

AIM: To observe the effect on Yunpiheluo decoction (YPHL) on renal injury in type 2 diabetic rats and to explore the mechanism from the perspective of Sirt1-AMPK-autophagy. METHODS: Male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats (n=24) were randomly divided into model group, Sirt1 over-expression group and YPHL group, and fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet for 10 weeks. ZL rats were used as normal control and fed with normal diet for 10 weeks. After 10 weeks, urine and blood were collected for renal function detection. The rats were sacrificed and specimen was submitted. In addition, the mRNA expression of Sirt1 was analyzed by real-time PCR. The protein levels of Sirt1, AMPK, p-AMPK, LC3 and P62 in the renal tissues wene determined by Western blot. The renal pathological changes were observed under light microscope with HE and Masson staining. RESULTS: Compared with control group, fasting blood glucose (FBG), urinary protein (UP), urinary albumin (U-ALB) and serum creatinine (SCr) in model group were obviously increased (P<0.01). The mRNA expression of Sirt1 was decreased (P<0.05). The protein levels of SIRT1, AMPK, p-AMPK and LC3-II/-I were decreased (P<0.01), and P62 was increased (P<0.01). Glomerular focal fibrosis, focal renal tubular epithelial cell vacuolation, necrosis, shedding and atrophy, tubular type, and renal interstitial fibrosis were observed. Compared with model group, FBG was obviously decreased in Sirt1 over-expression group (P<0.01), but it showed no significant change in YPHL group (P>0.05). SCr and U-ALB were decreased (P<0.05), Sirt1 mRNA was increased (P<0.05), the protein levels of SIRT1, AMPK, p-AMPK and LC3-II/-I were increased (P<0.01), and P62 was decreased (P<0.01) in Sirt1 over-expression group and YPHL group. HE and Masson staining showed that the renal damage in Sir1 over-expression group and YPHL group was attenuated. CONCLUSION: Yunpiheluo decoction may protect the kidney by increasing the expression level of Sirt1, activating AMPK, and regulating autophagy.     

鱼腥草煎剂和颗粒剂有效成分及其体外抗菌活性比较

为探讨传统中药煎剂与免煎颗粒剂有效成分和药效上的差异,利用回流提取浓缩机组制备了鱼腥草原药浓缩液,同时利用喷雾干燥机将部分原药浓缩液制备成干粉;并对鱼腥草两种剂型中槲皮素的含量进行测定和二者体外抑菌效果的观察。通过试验发现,鱼腥草原药浓缩液与喷雾干燥粉中的槲皮素含量无统计学上的差异,而在体外抑菌试验中,鱼腥草原药浓缩液对大肠埃希菌、沙门菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度均低于喷雾干燥粉。